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학술논문

휴전협정 제59조 ‘실향사민(失鄕私民, displaced civilians)’ 조항을 통해 본 전시 민간인 납치문제의 쟁점과 귀결

Issues concerning Wartime Civilians Abduction, and the Resolutions -Examined through Term No.59( Displaced Civilians [失鄕私民]) of the Cease-fire Treaty-

상세내역
저자 김보영
소속 및 직함 한양대학교
발행기관 한국역사연구회
학술지 역사와 현실
권호사항 (87)
수록페이지 범위 및 쪽수 577-607
발행 시기 2025년
키워드 #포로협상   #실향사민   #전시납북자   #민간인송환   #김보영
조회수 14
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초록
The "civilian kidnapping(abduction) during wartime" was a hot issue that was debated for a long time, not only when the cease-fire was being negotiated between South and North Koreas, but also today, 60 years later after the war was finally discontinued. The issue of people who were taken to the north against their own will during the war was discussed in the POW(Prisoner of War) negotiations, but the U.N. forces(and South Korea), which argued the said 'abduction,' could not reach an agreement with North Korea as it offered a counter-argument that people who were moving away from the crossfire were forcibly kidnapped(to the South). Both sides finally agreed on a clause which dictated that people who lost their homes("Displaced Citizens") would be returned. But in reality, exchanges of people("repatriation") according to that dictation were never arranged. Examined in this article, are the issues that were discussed in the POW discussion at the Cease-fire negotiation. The opinions of both sides will be compared, to determine how they led to the 'Displaced citizens' clause of 59 in the Cease-fire treaty document. South Korea argued that all moving incidents to the North during wartime was abduction, and demanded the abducted people be considered as POWs and returned to the South at once. On the other hand, North Korea argued there were no abductees but only people who voluntarily moved to the South. North Korea even rebutted South Korea's claim by saying that the U.N. forces threatened the North Korean residences and took them to the South around the time of January 4th pullback. The U.N. forces were not able to dismiss South Korea's request, but did not want the cease-fire negotiations to drag over this matter which could not be proved easily either way. So, the U.N. forces agreed to return displaced(alienated) civilians, and North Korea agreed to cooperate with that to a certain extent, and thus the 59th clause was born. But after the cease-fire, such 'people exchange' never succeeded, and the arguments and conflicts continued between South and North.
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