On May 18th, 1980, civilians’ uprising broke out against the airborne troops’ brutal suppression in Gwangju. Neo-military authorities(신군부) planned to oppress the people’s request for democratization by moving the army in advance for the purpose of taking the power during so-called the ‘Spring of Seoul(서울의 봄)’. In addition, the neo-military elites fabricated ‘North Korea’s invasion to the South Korea’ and planned to control the civil society by mobilizing the army. In the afternoon on May 18th, airborne troops which were put into the town of Gwangju strong-armed so much to put down the students’ protest. They suppressed the civilians’ struggle brutally on May 19th. Their violence provoked the civilians to anger. Civilians in Gwangju joined the students’ protest naturally. Experiencing the terrible sights which occurred in the downtown of Gwangju for 2 days, civilians gradually came to join the resistance, Consequently, 5.18 Uprising was the spontaneous uprising by civilians in Gwangju against the political mobilization of the army by the neo-military authorities and the airborne troops’ violent suppression.