Objectives: This study was conducted to find out health behaviors and health promotion behaviors and their influencing factors amongNorth Korean refugee adolescents. Methods: All the 139 students registered in a specialization school which provided regular schoolcurriculum for the North Korean refugee adolescents participated in the survey. Collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics,t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Current smoking, alcohol drinking and experience of depression in North Koreanrefugee adolescents were more prevalent than those of South Korean adolescents. Self-esteem, self-efficacy and social support wereidentified as factors affecting health promotion behavior. Conclusions: Health promotion program is needed to reduce the North Koreanrefugee adolescents’ depression and to stop smoking and drinking. In the process of creating these programs, of creating program, weshould consider self-esteem, self-efficacy and social support in the educational method to make these programs be effective.