The purpose of this study is to analyze the freely spoken language of North Korean defectors from Anak;Hwanghae province using the Hwanghae-do dialect;and identify its phonological characteristics. The informants of this study acquired the language after the division of the Korean peninsula;so it is expected that they will show the characteristics of the modern Hwanghae-do dialect well. This data identified a total of 19 consonants. This is generally similar to the central dialect;but it is characteristic that /c/(ㅈ) is realized as alveolar. Eight simple vowels were also identified;but most of /ӧ/(ㅚ) suggested in the existing Hwanghae-do dialect research was realized as [e] in this data. /ə/(ㅓ) > /ɨ/(ㅡ) high vowelization appeared in the word-initial and intervocalic;in the short vowels and long vowels;and in the lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes. /e/(ㅔ) > /i/(ㅣ) has been identified limitedly in some words. Also;/o/(ㅗ) > /u/(ㅜ) appears in some parts of the lexical morphemes;and is overwhelmingly identified in the grammatical morphemes. Front-vowelization has a wider realization environment than Han Young-soon (1967). And in Kim Young-bae (1981);Anak is reported as a non-realized area of front-vowelization. However;in the speaker's speech;it appeared in a limited capacity. Umlaut was only partially identified within the morpheme and in derived words. The vowel harmony was as follows. First;in the case of the monosyllabic stems;the pattern was similar to the preceding Hwanghae-do dialect studies. However;in the case of the polysyllabic stems;numerous cases were found to differ from these studies. In addition;in the case of p-irregular stems;the pattern was similar to the Pyeongan-do dialect. The t-palatalization showed the same pattern as its general appearance in normal Korean. h-palatalization was confirmed only in ‘simdeulda’ (himdeulda;‘to be hard’);and k-palatalization did not appear at all. Finally;The environment of h-deletion was ‘root + -hada(verb-derived suffix)' and ‘noun + hago(case marker)'. Even if the coda consonant in the root (or noun) is obstruent;‘h' is usually deleted. The items covered in this study can be classified into three broad categories. The first is that which appears in both dialects. This is high vowelization;umlaut;and h-deletion. The second is maintaining the characteristics of the Hwanghae-do dialect. This includes the list of consonants;the place of articulation of /c/(ㅈ);and the t-palatation. This has long been the decisive criterion for distinguishing the Hwanghae-do dialect from the Pyeongan-do dialect. Because of this;Hwanghae-do dialect speakers could not easily accept the characteristics of the Pyeongan-do dialect. On the other hand;since there has been a tendency to pronounce /c/(ㅈ) as a phoneme in the Pyeongan-do dialect;it can be interpreted that speakers of the Hwanghae-do dialect did not accept the old form. Finally;there are certain aspects of the language that were influenced by the dialect of Pyeongan province. This includes a simple vowel list;front-vowelization;vowel harmony;h-palatalization;and k-palatalization. Unlike Hwang Dae-hwa (2007);these items appear in a very limited amount in this research. The speakers have a negative attitude toward these dialects;which can be understood as the acceptance of the Pyeongan-do dialect.
카카오톡
페이스북
블로그