The purpose of this study is to pay attention to the demographic characteristics of North Korean defectors, but to examine the support policy for North Korean defectors based on the concept of job mismatch and human capital.. To this end, the study shed light on the problems of settlement and adaptation based on the demographic characteristics of North Korean defectors in Korea and discussed policy support for adults and adolescents. The results of this study are as follows. First of all, for adults, it seems necessary to respond and actively support the government and the private sector on resolving the wage gap, expanding employment opportunities, and vocational training due to the settlement of North Korean defectors. Second, due to passive and individual differences, attention should be paid to those who need to explain active policies and customized policy services should be carried out at the same time. Third, in relation to economic activities, an analysis of the residential areas and limitations of housing where they live should also be conducted. Next, regarding adolescents, first, it seems necessary to promote youth start-ups and to have an insurance and protective system due to failure. Second, in order to enhance the function of the university, it is necessary to assign a dedicated teacher or a coach dedicated to fellow students in the university.