This thesis deal with the cessation of the Cold War on the Korean Peninsula and the system of coexistence between North and South Korea. A scheme for a system of coexistence between North Korea and South Korea is studied due to the cessation of the Cold War period and according to international circumstances and the Northeast Asian order.
Korea has been the only divided country in the world from the German unification to the present. North-South ideology has been maintained between the two countries, which i s on the surface the concept of the former bipolar America-Soviet Union confrontation.
Though there has been a general cessation of the Cold War, the Cold War and tension have been maintained on the Korean Peninsula between North and South Korea.
North Korea has strengthened its system of union under the banner of ''great, powerful nation-building" by Kim Jung-il though change in domestic and international affairs such as the breakdown in the U.S.S.R and the Eastern Bloc in 1990 and the death of KimⅡ -sung in 1994.
In South Korea after a long period of military juntas, Kim Young-Sam's Munminjeongbu (the People's Government) and Kim Dae-jung's Gukmineuijeongbu (the People's Government) were started and they seek a change in relations between the two countries.
I have introduced the cessation of the Cold War on the Korean Peninsula and a system of coexistence between North Korea and South Korea rather than the unification of the Korean Peninsula with a knowledge of the circumstances of North and South Korea at present.
First, the background and cause of the Cold War period and the division of the Korean Peninsula is analyzed in this thesis. Second, the system of detente and the situation on the Korean Peninsula from the Cold War period are treated. Third, the change in North-South Korean relations with the cessation of the Cold War and the multi-polar system are described. Fourth, the cessation of the Cold War and a peace settlement on the Korean Peninsula are studied. Fifth, a system of coexistence between North and South Korea and a development scheme are studied.
The focus of the research method and analysis is on the historical atmosphere and cause of the division of the Korean Peninsula from the independence of Korea from an objective viewpoint. I have tried to make an analysis based on the objective truth contained in domestic and international scientific journals and historical documents of that period.
There are many published materials in the domestic and international academic literature from that time co ing solutions to the problems, the Korean Peninsula division, Cold War cessation, and a system of coexistence. The result of my diagnosis of the present condition of relations between North and South Korea is first of all, that there must be a cessation of the Cold War and North and South Korean system of coexistence should be set up rather than a premature unification under the present condition, because North Korea's the most threatening element in the policy against South Korea not changing and the system taken is the opening wave of unrestrained capitalism. The content of each chapter is as follows.
First, the Cold War period and Korean Peninsula division.
Korean domestic public opinion during the America and Soviet Union opposition and power expansion from independence, on August 15, 1945, relaxation of Korean Peninsula tensions by Cold War ideology from the Korean civil war, and Syngman Rhee's and Park Chung-hee's, rulers at the time, perception of the Korean Peninsula are studied.
Second, the system of detente and change in situations on the Korean Peninsula.
The form of international relationships was changed from Sino-US. amity to a somewhat relaxed multi-polar system. How to change North-South Korean relations within the international situation and the new Northeast Asia order is analyzed. The perception of the Korean Peninsula by Park Chung-hee, who created the military junta, and KimⅡ-sung at that time is researched.
Third, North-South Korean relations after the cessation of the Cold War and the multi-polar system.
Because of the collapse of the U.S.S.R and the Eastern Bloc, cessation of the Cold War in the world order was introduced. North and South Korea joined the UN at the same time. North-South Korean changes in relation after the cessation of the Cold War are studied. Especially, in North Korean-US. relations, the friction related to nuclear facilities inspection and the Korean Peninsula problem are studied. North-South Korean friction in relations under the government put in place by Kim Jung-il after Kim Ⅱ-sung's death is analyzed. Kim Young-Sam's and Kim Ⅱ-sung's, and Kim Jung-il's perceptions of the Korean Peninsula problem is treated.
Fourth, the Cold War cessation and peace settlement on the Korean Peninsula
It is true that North-South Korean relations have changed according to the North Korean attitude related a change in its US. policy for the maintenance of the North Korean system by Kim Jung-il after the death of Kim Ⅱ-sung. The previous condition for cessation of the Cold War on the Korean Peninsula was to develop mutual restraint of the two countries and surrounding them with balancing influence of the superpowers. It is not to much to say that the North-South Korean situation has been maintained by the surrounding powers. Korean Peninsula Cold War cessation and a policy for a peace settlement with an understanding of the domestic and international situation concerning the North and South Korea should be propelled.
Fifth, a system of coexistence between North and South Korea, and a development scheme.
From the start of the Kim Dae-jung government, the policy pushed forward toward North Korea is the Sunshine Policy with maintenance of the North-South basic agreement. This policy is possible only with maintenance of the present North Korean system, North Korea's escape from international isolation, and solving their economic problems.
As a result, cessation of the Cold War on the Korean Peninsula and a system of coexistence between North and South Korea are the problems to be solved by the parties concerned. These parties should also solve the problem of maintaining a balance among the surrounding powers. In addition, to solve the North-South Korean problem, a plan should be devised between the North and South for international change and system maintenance with sincerity and vision rather than blind, desk theory or supposition. During that time, the Korean Peninsula problem should be continually reassessed. The most important problems are the conditions for cessation of the Cold War on the Korean Peninsula and the system of coexistence between North and South Korea rather than proposing unification. Only when the conditions are pushed will peace be maintained on the Korean Peninsula.
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