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북한주민의 종교의식 변화를 위한 선교전략

(A) Mission Strategy for Changing the Religious Consciousness of North Koreans

상세내역
저자 윤현기
학위 박사
소속학교 아세아연합신학대학교 신학연구원
전공 선교학과
발행연도 2004년
쪽수 251p.
지도교수 .
키워드 #북한주민   #종교의식   #선교전략   #윤현기
원문보기
상세내역
초록
North Korea has been changing. It is the reason that North Korea cannot survive without involving in the renovation of national structure and open itself to foreign intercourse in this international and global era. In this situation, it is essential to survey and study the culture and world view of North Korea in order to overcome the difference between North Korea and South Korea and recover the cognate. The study on the religious consciousness could not be found in North Korea. We could not obtain the firsthand information about North Korea's religion because of its closeness. Besides, most people assume that there is no real religion in North Korea because it dose not allow any religion.

The authority of North Korea has educated that religions are superstition, and especially Christianity is a mere tool of the United State of America. The Cheuchae Thoughts are deeply rooted in the consciousness of North Korean people. The authority has so educated that they may be led to consider it as a religion.

Now, both people of North Korea and South Korea should prepare unification based on recognizing each other. The author believe that love and respect each other are the first step of unification. We should recognize that we understand the consciousness underlying all aspects of humans' life, such as culture, religion, the structure of family, before administrative unification. That is, they should be unified in consciousness as well as national boundary.

Even though North Korea allows Bong-Seu Church and Chil-Gol Church in official policy, there is no freedom of religion in real. Since late of 1980, the Soviet Union has been disunited and the Socialism of Eastern Europe collapsed, North Korea has no choice but to be isolated from the international society and establish Cheuchae thoughts and its own Socialism. In addition, it has carried out close policy and tightened the control over people.

In this situation, North Korea has begun to carry out open policy to foreign countries within the limits. It has no choice but to open to the world because of the failure of economic policy and natural disaster. That is, it has no way because of the disunification of the Soviet Union, which was the Suzerain State, and the reform and open to the world of China. While North Korea opens itself to foreign intercourses in order to survive, people begin to undergo changing due to contact with foreign culture and people. Especially, the Cheuchae Thoughts based on the uniform and collective thought may enable the most people to be changed at a time. We get information about that many North Korean people have been escaping. After those who had gone to China to obtain food have experienced the big change of China, they are joining the parades of the escaping. That is, North Korean people are changing in the consciousness and worth value based on the isolation and social closed structure due to contact with the world. We can see the food problem of North Korea and starvation of the children in the mass media; such as TV, new papers, and Radio. Those food problems and the consciousness of the socialism are different than South Korea.

North Korea and South Korea should trust and love each other in order to be unified from the hostile relationship and different cultures for long time. Therefore, they must recognize each other on the basis of love and respect. First of all, they ought to overcome the differences that of the long time disunification to recover the cognate.

The concept of faith is different in the social structures between North Korea and South Korea. The author hoped that North Korea changes in the consciousness of religion. South Korean churches should evangelize North Korean people, who are tainted by the Cheuchae Thoughts. That is, the change of the religious structure of North Korea should be completed before unification. North Korean should recognize the Cheuchae Thought as a tool which the authority of their government has made to use for its political system. And, when they realize that the motto which the authority propagandas are false, they will not trust the authority as well as the Cheuchae Thoughts. The South Korean churches should help North Korean to converse from the Cheuchae Thoughts into the faith upon God.

North Korea has established as a grouped structure based on false religion, the Cheuchae Thoughts which is a philosophy of human-centered. First of all, we should understand and love those people in North Korea in order to proclaim the Gospel. This thesis aims on studying the evangelical strategy for the change of the religious consciousness from the Cheuchae Thoughts into the real faith on God. There has been no individualism in North Korea from the closed society and the isolation and the group consciousness. Those people, however, are changing because of the open foreign intercourse. The range of the change varies from the religious consciousness to the individualism. The change of the consciousness can cause people to change the world view. These changes are the opportunity to converse from the given religious structure, that is, Cheuchae Thoughts, into the faith on God.

South Korea should help North Korea in economical aspects based on prayer and patience with the trend of the reformation to make open land.

Under these situations mentioned above, the writer has suggested the tasks of South Korean Churches. Firstly, it should show the evangelical principles to converse the religious consciousness in North Korea. Secondly, it should help North Korean people to change their religious consciousness. Thirdly, it should recognize its limits of mission strategies to North Korea and confess the false soteriology of Tongil Theology and Mincheung Theology. Fourthly, it should help North Korea to escape from the starvation. Lastly, it should pray for the help of the Holy Spirit. Even though we recognize the limitation of methods to help North Korea, we can overcome it through the help of the Holy Spirit.
목차
목차 ⅰ

Ⅰ. 서론 1

A. 문제 제기 및 연구목적 6

B. 논지 10

C. 연구 방법과 범위 및 용어문제 11

Ⅱ. 북한선교의 신학적 기초 13

A. 북한선교의 보수진영과 진보진영의 견해 14

B. 통일신학의 신학적 한계성과 구원관 오류 16

C. 북한선교의 복음적 타당성 17

D. 북한선교의 성경적 의미 21

1. 동족구원의 의미 21

2. 화해의 의미 24

3. 화합의 의미 25

4. 민족이 하나됨의 의미 26

E. 북한선교의 역사 27

Ⅲ. 사회주의 국가의 종교의식과 선교 30

A. 사회주의국가의 종교실태 30

1. 마르크스주의자들의 종교의식 30

2. 레닌의 종교의식 34

B. 사회주의 각 국의 종교실태와 선교 36

1. 러시아 (구 소련) 38

2. 동독 41

3. 폴란드 42

4. 루마니아 43

5. 중국 45

6. 베트남 48

7. 미얀마 52

Ⅳ. 북한주민의 종교의식 54

A. 북한주민의 세계관 54

1. 세계관과 성경적 세계관 54

2. 주체사상과 북한주민의 세계관 57

3. 성경적 세계관과 북한주민의 세계관 61

4. 북한주민의 세계관 특징 62

5. 북한의 개혁·개방과 북한주민의 세계관 변혁 68

6. 북한주민의 세계관 변혁과 북한선교 전망 72

B. 북한주민의 종교관 76

1. 북한의 종교이해 76

2. 북한사회의 종교관 76

a. 김일성의 종교관 77

b. 북한문헌의 종교관 79

3. 북한주민의 종교의식 80

4. 북한의 종교정책과 종교의식 변화 82

5. 남북한주민 종교의식구조 이질화 87

C. 북한주민의 기독교의식 실태 89

1. 북한의 기독교관 89

2. 탈북자들 방북자들의 증언 90

3. 북한주민 기독교체험 인터뷰 사례 91

D. 북한주민 종교의식의 문제점 94

E. 북한주민 종교의식 변화 전망 95

Ⅴ. 북한이탈주민 설문조사를 통한 북한주민의 종교의식분석 97

A. 조사대상자의 사회경제적 특성 97

B. 설문한 북한주민의 종교의식 실태 104

1. 설문한 북한주민의 남한사회의 종교활동 104

2. 설문한 북한주민이 본 북한 내 종교와 기독교 113

3. 설문한 북한주민과 주체사상 132

4. 설문한 북한주민의 북한이탈주민정착 142

5. 설문한 북한주민의 남한사회입국상황 146

6. 설문한 북한주민의 남한사회입국과 하나님체험사례 149

7. 설문한 북한주민의 기독교귀의로의 방안 156

8. 설문한 북한주민의 북한문화이용의 전도법 159

9. 주체사상에 젖어 있는 북한주민의 기독교로 귀의하기 위한 전도법 160

10. 설문한 북한주민의 북한무속신앙을 위한 기독교전도법 162

11. 설문한 북한주민의 남북한주민의 종교의식차이 163

12. 설문한 북한주민의 남한기독교를 바라보는 시각 164

13. 탈북전 북한주민의 종교의식 실태 165

14. 탈북후 북한주민의 종교의식 변화 167

15. 설문한 북한주민의 종교의식 변화 전망 168

C. 설문한 북한주민의 종교의식변화와 남한교회 요구 170

D. 북한주민의 종교의식변화와 남북한주민의 노력 171

Ⅵ. 북한주민의 종교의식변화를 위한 선교 전략 183

A. 남북한주민 종교의식 이질화 극복방안 183

1. 기본방향 183

2. 남북한주민 종교의식 이질화 극복의 전망 185

3. 남북한주민 종교의식 이질화 극복 방안 188

B. 경제적 접촉점의 선교 191

1. 경제특구(신의주와 개성공단 등)를 통한 기업선교 192

2. 합영 합작 사업을 통한 선교 193

C. 사회적 접촉점의 선교 194

1. NGO를 통한 선교 195

a. 구제 195

b. 교육 197

c. 의료사업 201

d. 개발사업 201

e. 구호활동 202

2. 스포츠선교 204

3. 관광사업을 통한 선교 205

4. 북한이탈주민의 사명자 교육을 통한 선교 206

D. 복음적 접촉점의 선교 208

1. 비 거주 선교 208

2. 가정교회와 지하교회를 통한 선교 209

3. 말씀선포를 통한 방송선교 210

E. 남북한교회 종교교류 사업 215

1. 평양 신학원 지원을 통한 선교 216

2. 북한교회 재건 지원을 통한 선교 218

Ⅶ. 결론 220

◆참고문헌 227

◆부록 237

ABSTRACT 247