[학위논문] The Extractive Institutionalization of North Korean <em>Marketization</em>: Dual Market Dynamics <em>and</em> Regional Disparities
...define the North Korean economy. <br />
Given the framework, the dual dynamics of <em>marketization</em> are further elaborated in Chapters 4 <em>and</em> 5. Chapter 4 delves into "<em>marketization</em> <em>from</em> <em>below</em>," charting the rise of grassroots economic activities that have driven processes of commodification, monetization, <em>and</em> limited capital accumulation. Yet, it reveals the constraints of this process, as local...