[해외자료] Pyongyang-Moscow Ties Are a Force Multiplier to Pyongyang-Beijing Relations

...Korea’s improving ties with Russia have weakened the North Korea–China relationship. Circumstantial evidence and one-dimensional analysis of political developments between Pyongyang and Beijing and ongoing Pyongyang- Moscow cooperation often result in this view. However, examining these three countries’ dynamics merely through the lens of current events without considering their historical...

[해외자료] Recalibrating US Strategy on North Korea

...Kim Jong Un during his first term in office. Although the Biden administration’s approach focused on reinforcing deterrence, the risks of conflict have grown. Tensions between Washington, Beijing and Moscow; Pyongyang’s shift to closer relations with America’s rivals and the growth of its WMD arsenal; as well as a burgeoning regional arms race, have only heightened the dangers.

[해외자료] North Korea’s Lethal Aid to Russia: Current State and Outlook

...replenish Moscow’s depleted stocks. Second, new weapons and main battlefield equipment that can be field-tested in Ukraine. If the war drags on, North Korean weapon provision to Russia is most likely to escalate further. The combat performance of these hardware in Ukraine will give Pyongyang a valuable opportunity to evaluate and refine its domestic weapon systems. In return for Pyongyang’s...

[외교안보] US warns North Korea becoming better prepared for war, fighting against Ukraine

UNITED NATIONS, Jan 8 (Reuters) - The United States warned on Wednesday that North Korea is benefiting from its troops fighting alongside Russia against Ukraine, gaining experience that makes Pyongyang "more capable of waging war against its neighbors." Russia has forged closer diplomatic and military ties with North Korea since Moscow invaded Ukraine in February 2022.

[북한] Russia sends 447 goats to North Korea after Kim Jong Un sucks up to Putin

Goats for guns? After a summit between Russian President Vladimir Putin and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un in June at which the international pariahs discussed mutual cooperation, Moscow has delivered a gift to Pyongyang.

[현안분석] 러-우 전쟁 이후 북러 밀착: 현황과 전망

...Koreaand Russia after the Ukrainian War and derives future prospects. Both countries havesupported each other in an overt manner on major international and regional issues. Inaddition, Pyongyang and Moscow have been actively promoting military cooperation,including trade in expendable weapons, and have been working to gradually restoreeconomic cooperation, which was virtually suspended...

[현안분석] Contemplating Pyongyang-Moscow Relations

전 세계가 김정은의 우라늄 농축시설 방문 보도를 납득하기 위해 분주한 때, 김 위원장은 방북한 러시아 특사 세르게이 쇼이구를이례적으로 따뜻하게 맞이하며 푸틴 대통령과 가졌던 보스토치니 우주공항 정상회담 1주년을 기념했다. 며칠 뒤 최선희 외무상은러시아에서 열린 제1차 브릭스(BRICS) 여성포럼에서 연설했다. 최 외무상의 말을 빌리자면, 이는 ‘평등한 다극 체제 건설을 위한책임 있는 임무 완수’의 역할을 감당할 다자 기구에 대한 북한의 관심 증대를 반영하는 일이었다. 서울과 워싱턴 내 북한 외교 정책에 관한 정책 담론 대부분은 여전히 미국에 맞춰져 있다. 따라서 북한의 주목할 만한 발언이나 행동모두가 필연적으로 미국을 겨냥했다는

[학술논문] North Korea-Russia Military Cooperation after the End of the Cold War

...cooperation in North Korea-Russia relations from 1991 to 2023, providing a structured analysis of the nature and direction of their partnership. The findings reveal that military cooperation between Pyongyang and Moscow has consistently remained at an early stage, reflecting a state of weak alignment. Additionally, the study suggests that significant strategic obstacles are likely to continue limiting the extent...

[학술논문] 압록강 수풍수력발전소 소유권을 둘러싼 북중 갈등 및 해결(1945-1955)

...from North Korea. The ownership dispute surrounding the Sup’ung Hydroelectric power station was only resolved in April 1955, when Pyongyang was heavily dependent on Beijing for postwar economic reconstruction and security concerns and when Beijing and Moscow were enjoying their honeymoon period. In short, the ownership dispute evidently demonstrates that China and North korea prioritized their...