[뉴스] 트럼프, 이젠 푸틴 압박 … 금융 제재 경고

평화협정 중재에 나선 후 줄곧 러시아 편을 들던 도널드 트럼프 미국 대통령이 이례적으로 블라디미르 푸틴 러시아 대통령을 압박하고 있다.<br /> <br /> 26일(현지시간) 트럼프 대통령은 프란치스코 교황의 장례 미사를 계기로 바티칸 성베드로 대성당에서 볼로디미르 젤렌스키 우크라이나 대통령을 만난 직후 이 같은 어조 변화가 두드러졌다. 트럼프 대통령은 젤렌스키 대통령과 회담한 직후 소셜미디어를 통해 러시아의 공습을 비판하며 푸틴 대통령이 평화협정을 체결할 의지가 없는 것 같다고 비판했다. 그는 이어 &quot;푸틴 대통령을 은행(Banking)이나 2차 제재(Secondary <em>Sanctions</em>)로 다르게 다뤄야 한다는 생각이 든다&quot;며 &quot;너무 많은 사람이 죽고 있다&quot;고 말했다.

[뉴스] 北, 새 대북제재 위반 감시 기구 출범에 “가담한 나라 대가 치를 것”

북한은 20일 한미일을 주축으로 한 11개국이 북한의 대북제재 회피를 감시할 새 모니터링 기구인 &lsquo;다국적 제재 모니터링 팀(MSMT&middot;Multilateral <em>Sanctions</em> Monitoring Team)&rsquo;을 출범시킨 데 대해 &ldquo;가담한 나라들은 반드시 대가를 치르게 될 것&rdquo;이라고 경고했다.

[뉴스] How North Korea’s lucrative trade in human hair is helping it skirt the impact of <em>sanctions</em>

They almost certainly don&rsquo;t know it, but western owners of shiny new wigs and false eyelashes could owe their look to North Korean slave labour.

[뉴스] This article is more than 2 months old UK sends UN experts photographs of North Korean shipments to Russia

The UK has provided satellite photographs of North Korean cargo shipments to Russia to a panel of UN experts as part of an attempt to trigger an official investigation into arms deals in violation of international <em>sanctions</em>.<br /> &nbsp;

[정치/군사] Nuclear North Korea

...discussion of North Korea, particularly the idea that North Korea is an irrational actor. Cha and Kang look at the implications of a nuclear North Korea, assess recent and current approaches to <em>sanctions</em> and engagement, and provide a functional framework for constructive policy. With a new chapter on the way forward for the international community in light of continued nuclear tensions, this book...

[학술논문] Nuclear Proliferation: Reassessing the Threat to Global Security

...against these states and points out their limitations. An assessment of the threat posed by such small nuclear arsenals leads to the conclusion that the threat or the use of military force is not an effective or advisable instrument of counterproliferation, but that instead traditional diplomatic tools of international law, <em>sanctions</em>, and deterrence are more appropriate to containing this threat.

[학위논문] 김정은 시기 성명·담화 분석을 통해 본 북한의 대외 커뮤니케이션 전략 연구

...however, the emphasis shifted toward asserting the legitimacy of North Korea&rsquo;s sovereignty and its claim to nuclear weapons as a means of self-defense, particularly in the face of international <em>sanctions</em> and pressure.<br /> Fourth, changes in rhetorical style were observed. During the earlier phase, North Korea frequently used hostile language and derogatory epithets&mdash;such as calling South...

[학위논문] 북한의 시공간 경제 분석 : 개발정책, 지역 불균형 및 시장

...were first introduced under Kim Il-sung&rsquo;s regime, and Kim Jong-un&rsquo;s government attempted to expand their scale and functions. However, due to external constraints such as international <em>sanctions</em>, as well as internal limitations such as a lack of government financial capacity, inadequate infrastructure, and political uncertainty, investment incentives declined. Regarding marketization measures...

[학술논문] The North Korean Nuclear Issue and the United Nations

...intermingled goals of the 6PT are further limited by the new uranium enrichment program. During the present deadlock in these talks, Korea should support the activities of the UNSC and North Korea <em>Sanctions</em> Committee, strongly encourage the resumption of the 6PT, and make all diplomatic efforts to focus international pressure on Pyongyang aimed at making it cease disrupting regional security or furthering...

[학위논문] 북한 주체 사실주의 장편소설에 나타난 장소 형상화 연구 : 김정은 집권기(2012~2020년)를 중심으로

...to stabilize his position as leader were chosen as the main spatial backgrounds. In works from his second term, the emphasis on self-reliance appears in response to the strengthened international <em>sanctions</em> due to North Korea&rsquo;s nuclear development. In other words, North Korean novels strengthen the solidarity of the system by creating affective experiences through the places described in the novels...

[국내] KDI 북한경제리뷰 2025년 11월

...administration&rsquo;s tension-management strategy, observing that Pyongyang&rsquo;s &ldquo;two-state&rdquo; declaration, its tightening alignment with Russia, and the persistence of international <em>sanctions</em> sharply limit near-term prospects. In this environment, policy efforts are expected to center on sustaining humanitarian channels, strengthening legal and institutional foundations, and preparing...

[국내] 미국 주도 반(反)핵확산 제재의 비용: 과장된 사전적(ex ante) 공포 vs. 실증된 제재 부과의 딜레마

...declines sharply when respondents are exposed to expert opinion regarding the potential costs of economic <em>sanctions</em>. This study contends that such experimental designs incorporate systematic biases by overstating anticipated fears and, consequently, critically reexamines the assumption that <em>sanctions</em> are an automatic consequence of nuclear development. Utilizing a dataset of 36 countries that currently...

[국내] KDI 북한경제리뷰 2025년 10월

...법&middot;제도적 대응을 병행하는 다층적 방어 전략이 요구된다.<br /> <br /> The October issue analyzes the growing sophistication of North Korea&rsquo;s cyber strategy and the evolving international response. Under intensified <em>sanctions</em> that have choked traditional foreign currency channels, Pyongyang has turned to cyber operations―especially cryptocurrency theft―as a critical source of funds for its nuclear and missile programs...

[해외] How North Korea’s Extractive System Adapts to External Shocks

Understanding how North Korea (Democratic People&rsquo;s Republic of Korea or DPRK) adapts to external shocks, particularly international <em>sanctions</em>, requires analyzing its economic system not as a conventional socialist economy or a transitioning market system, but as an outright extractive system&mdash;an extreme outlier.&nbsp;

[해외] Beyond the Blanket Ban: Reframing the International Response to North Korea’s Overseas Labor

...Nations (UN)&nbsp;<a href="https://main.un.org/securitycouncil/en/s/res/2397-(2017)"><em>sanctions</em></a>&nbsp;aimed at ending its labor exports, North Korea continues to use overseas labor as a financial pipeline for its weapons of mass destruction (WMD) program&mdash;the very threat that prompted the <em>sanctions</em>. The <em>sanctions</em> have not only failed to achieve their intended security objectives but have also largely...